Otázka 12 - Josef Mánes a umělecká generace Národního divadla

od Karolíny Sovové

                JOSEF MANES

                               - zakladatel české narodni malby

                               - z malirske rodiny              - 0tec Antonin Manes - malir

                                                                              - stryc Vaclav - malir

                                                                              - kvido Manes - malir

                                                                              - Amalie Manesova - malirka

                               - akademie v Praze, pak do Mnichova

                               - toulal se po stredni Evrope (Rakousko, Polsko, Slezsko,Slovensko, ...)

                               - cely zivot zapasil s bidou

                               - obdivoval zenskou krasu

                               - mel rady pratel, kteri ho podporovali

                               - rok pred smrti odjel do Italie

                               - zemrel na dusevni nemoc

                               ZNAKY:    - 1.obdobi: romanticke

                                               - 2.obdobi: rokokove - ovalne obrazky, dostavenicka

                                               - 3.obdobi: nvorenesance - postavy

                                               - 4.obdobi: realismus - krajiny, kroje, podobizny

                                               -vytvoril styl => MONUMENTALNI REALISMUS = nadech idealu s realnem, citovost

                               DILA:       - historicke obrazy z akademie - Setkani Petrerci s Laurou (Sonety Laure)

                                               - rokokove:            - Cervene paraplicko

                                                                              - Pod chalupou

                                                                              - Polibeni

                                                                              - V lete

                                                                              - Libanky na Hane

                                               - portrety:              - Josefina

                                               - Krajiny:                - Labska krajina                 

                                                                              - Ripsky kraj

                                               - ilustrace:            - k rukopisum, lidovym basnim

                                               - studie: - kroje, kvetiny, chalupy

                                               - navrhy: - dekorace, prapory

                                                                              - znaky, vinety

                                               !!! ORLOJ 12 kruhovych medajlonu, mesice s postavami

                               VYZNAM:                zakladatel narodniho malirstvi, primy predchudce umelcu ND

 

NARODNI DIVADLO

                - 60.leta 19.stol. - kulturni rozkvet

                - nastup nove generace - novorenesance

                - vznikalo mnoho novych verejnych budov - Narodni muzeum, Rudolfinum, Smetanovo muzeum, ...

 

- predstavitele :                   JOSEF ZITEK

                                                               - zakladatel nove ceske architektury

                                                               - pusobil v Nemecku a v cechach

                                                               DILA:       - Narodni divadlo - interiery i exteriery

                                                                              - Mlinska kolonada v Karlovych Varech

                                              

                                               MIKOLAS ALES

                                                               - *Mirotice u Pisku

                                                               - zajimal se o dejepis

                                                               - mel tezke zacatky

                                                               - jako malir se neproslavil

                                                               - ilustrator knih, casopisu

                                                               - navrhoval vyzdobu novorenesancnich budov

                                                                              (figuralni, sgrafitovou vyzdobu, fresky)

                                                               DILA:       - ND - cyklus Vlast ve foae

                                                                                              (14 lunet - pulkruhovych obrazu,

                                                                                               putovani hrdiny po pamatnych mistech)

                                                                              - malirska dila:    - U hrobu husitskeho bojovnika

                                                                                                              -  Setkani Jiriho z Podebrad s Matyasem Korvinem

                                                                              - ilustrace:            - lidove pisne, knihy, casopisy

                                                                                                              - cykly: zivly, smsysly

                                                                              !!! Alsuv Spalicek - narodni pisne a rikadla

                                                                              - architektura:      - sgrafita, fresky

                                                                                                              - Wiehluv dum - fasada

                                                                                                              - Dum u Rotta

                                                                                                              - U Bileho kone

 

                                               FRANTISEK ZENISEK

                                                               - pochazel ze selske rodiny, bohaty

                                                               - uspesny, libivy zpusob malby

                                                               - profesor na akademii

                                                               - vyzdobil radu verejnych budouv v Praze

                                                               DILA:       - ND - spolupracoval s Alsem

                                                                                              - stropy - alegoricke, obdelnikove obrazy

                                                                                              - 8 muz kolem lustru (zenske postavy)

                                                                              - Oldrich a Bozena - v NG

                                              

                                               FRANTISEK BROZIK

                                                               - z velmi chude rodiny

                                                               - prazska akademie

                                                               - podporoval ho soused - ale mluvil mu do zivota

                                                               -> odesel do Nemecka, Francie - ozenil se s krasnou zenou

                                                                              (dcerou obchodnika s obrazy)

                                                               STYL:       - typicky predstavitel historickeho akademismu

                                                                              - velke obrazy s mnoha postavami

                                                               DILA:       - ND - v kralovske lozi - soubor vladnoucich rodu

                                                                                              (Premyslovci, Lucemburkove, Habsburkove)

                                                                              - Staromestska radnice - hus v Kostnici v Brozikove sini

                                                                              - Prazska defenestrace

                                                                              - Shromazdeni maliru

 

                                               JOSEF TULKA

                                                               - studoval v Praze akademii

                                                               - ovlivnen Manesem

                                                               - odesel do Italie, kde vstoupil do radu a zmenil si jmeno

                                                              - maloval pro cirkev

                                                               DILA:       - ND - lunety v lodzii - 1.pisen lasky

 

                                               JULIUS MARAK

                                                               - krajinar

                                                               - zil ve Vidni

                                                               - uspesny malir

                                                               - bylo mu nabidnuto misto v Praze na akademii

                                                               - vynikajici pedagog - vychoval impresioisty - "Marakova skola"

                                                               - maloval realisticky, romanticky

                                                               ZNAKY:    - realisticky krajinar

                                                                              - ale nalada novoromanticka

                                                                              - maloval lesy

                                                                              - olej, uhel, krida

                                                               DILA:       - cyklus pamatne mista zeme Ceske

                                                                               (Rip, Blanik, Hrad, Vysehrad, ...)

                                                              

                                               VOJTECH HYNAIS

                                                               -generace ND

                                                               - akademie ve Vidni, Pariz

                                                               - studoval u nejslavnejsich akademiku

                                                               - cesta ado Italie

                                                               - usadil se, ozenil

                                                               - vyhral soutez na oponu

                                                               - profesor na akademii v Praze

                                                               STYL:       - akademik

                                                                              - fotograficka technika

                                                                              - alegoricka malba

                                                                              - maloval podle modelu

                                                                              - svetle obrazy - luminismus

                                                               NAMETY:                portrety, hlavy, figury

                                                               DILA:       - ND        - opona - tlumena barevnost, neslovanske typy postav

                                                                                              - 4 rocni obdobi - zimu dodelal az po 20letech

                                                                              - Pariduv soud - velky figuralni obraz

                                                                              - portrety: Umelcova matka

                                                               VYZNAM:                nejmodernejsi malir, ovlivnoval nasledujici generace

 

                                               JOSEF VACLAV MYSLBEK

                                                               - * Praha

                                                               - sochar

                                                               - monumentalni realista

                                                               - otec malir pokoju

                                                               - mel vlastni dilnu

                                                               - byl uspesny, ocenen, vyznamenan

                                                               - bolesti hlavy, zavrate, ohluchl

                                                               - ovlivnen Manesem - slovanske postavy

                                                               - materialy: hlina, bronz, mramor

                                                               DILA:       - sv.Vaclav na Vaclavskem namesti

                                                                              - Záboj a Slavoj, Přemysl a Libuše, Šárka, Lumír s Písní - sousosi pro

                                                                                              Palackeho most

                                                                              - Pomnik Karla Hynka Macha na Petrine

                                                                              - sousosi Zpevohra a Cinohra

 

                                               BOHUSLAV SCHNIRCH

                                                               - neorenesance

                                                               - premira detailu

                                                               DILA:       - Trigy na ND - bojove vozy s trojsprezi

                                                                              - Jezdecka socha Jiriho z Podebrad v Podebradech

                                                                              - verejne budovy v Praze - Lvy u Rudolfina

                                                                             

                                               ANTONIN WAGNER

                                                              

                              

 

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